Machine for cutting the teeth of straight-spur gear-wheels.



W. E. SYKES.

MACHINE FOR CUTTING THE TEETH 0F STRAIGHT SPUR GEAR WHEELS.

APPLlcATIoN FILED JULY 6, 1914.

1 e 1 65,2 1 4. Patented Dec. 21, 1915.

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W. E. SYKES.

MACHINE FOR, CUTTING THE TEETH 0F STRAIGHT SPUR GEAR WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED lULY 6. 1914.

1,165,214. lPatend Dec.. 2l, 1915.

ISHEETSSHEET 2.

W. E. SYKES.

MACHINE FOR CUTTING -IHE TEETH OF STRAIGHT SPUR GEAR WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 6, I9I4. 1,165,214.

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W. E. SYKES. MACHINE FOR CUTTING THE TEETH 0F STRAIGHT SPUR GEAR WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED IULY 6 I9I4.

Patented Dec. LI, 191

SHEETS--SHEET 4.

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VV/T 5555.

W. E. SYKES. MACHINE FOR CUTTING THE TEETH 0F STRAIGHT SPUR GEAR WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 6. 1914.

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` APPLICATION FILED )ULY 6I 1914. 1,165,214, Patented Dec. 21, ll.

SHEETS-SHEET 6.

WLF.. SYKES. MACHINE FOR CUTTING THE TEETH OF STRAIGHT SPUR GEAR WHEELS.

` APPLICATION FILED JULY 6. 1914. 1.165314. 11119111611 111111.21, 1915.

SHEETS-SHEET 7.

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'WILLIAM EDWIN SYKES, yOF SLOUGH, ENGLAND.

MACHINE FOR CUTTING THE TEETH. OF STRAIGHT-SPUR GEAR-WHEELS.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 21, 1915.

Application led July 6, 1914. Serial No. 849,297.

To all whom t may concern: n

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM EDWIN Sykes, a subject of His Majesty the King ot Great Britain, residing at Slough, in the county of Buckingham, England, have'invented a new and useful Improvement in Machines for Cutting the Teeth ot Straight- Spur Gea1l\7lieels, of which the following is a specification.l

.The present invention relates to improve'- nients in machines for cutting the teeth of straight spur gear wheels and is amodification of the machine shown and described A S. Letters Patent No. 1,103,851, granted to me -July- 14, 1914, the present object lieing to out one or more Straight tooth spur gear wheels at the same time on oneinachine by providing two cutters of tooth disk or spur pinion form instead of only one such cutter as heretofore in this class of straight toothed spur gear generating machines, a further object of the invention being to,provide means lfor tilting the carrier or carriers so that the cutter is vwithdrawn from the work during the idle or return stroke and also to provide means for maintaining the carrier rigid on its carriage during the cutting stroke.

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate one embodiment of this invention, in which ,Figures 1 and 1a area plan View of a machine arranged .to cut st 'aight tooth spur gear wheels. Figs. 2 and 3 are side elevation and front elevation respectively of a machine arranged L fut straight tooth spur `gear wheels, and Fig. 4 is a plan on an enlarged scale of the cutter holder and its connected parts. Fig. 5 shows half the mechanism in end elevation, and half in crosssection on line 2-2 of l? 4. Fig. G is a side elevation. Fig. 7 is an elevation on an enlarged scale, of the tool holder removed from the sliding carriageflooking: in the direction ot the 'arrow 4, Fig. 8. Fig. 8 is aside view on an enlarged scale, of the tool holder and part of the traveling carriage. Fir 9 -is anend elevation also on an enlarged scale of: the tool holder looking in the direction of the arrow` 6, Fig. 8, and, Figs. 10, 11 and -12 are .end elevation` side elevation, and plan, respectively, oli-part of a machine,4 illustrating a modified form of feed mechanism.

In Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawings, 1 denotes a saddle mounted on a bed 2, 3 and 4 are bearings mounted on the saddle to carry the revoluble head spindle An arbor or mandrel (i, mainly shown by dotted lines, extends from the spindle 5, its outer end being journaled in the bearing 7 carried by the saddle. The arbor or mandrel 6, passes through a distance piece or chuck 8, and is arranged and adapted to carry the assemblage of wheel blanks 9, which represent the work to be done. A distance collar 76, is placed centrally between the wheel blanks so as to provide a groove or central Space. For the purpose of Securing the wheel blank in position a screw thread is formed on the arbor to receive a nut 10, a washer 11 being placed between the work and the nut. Although for example twelve wheel blanks are shown in the drawings, it will be readilv understood that a greater or lesser nurnher can be mounted for cutting.

The cutters 12 and 13 are'mounted on spindles revoluble in holders or boxes 14, and 15, which are pivoted or hinged at 16 and 17, to sliding carriages 18 and 19. Nithin the boxes 12 and 13, and on the spindles carrying the cutters, are mounted spur pinions 20, 21, engaging with spur wheels 22 and 23, mounted on the spindles ings 26, y riages, 18 and 19. The spindles 24 and 25 are extended beyond the bearings 26, 27,

and such extended parts may be formed octagonal in cross section and pass through bearings '28, 29, rigidly 'supported by the bed of the machine. Although the guides on the spindles 24, 25, and in the bearings Q8, 29, are shown'octagonal they may be made any other desired shape, as for example square, hexagonal, or round with a groove and key. Term wheels 30 and 31,.

having projecting bosses are revolubly mounted in the bearings 28, Q9.I through which worm wheels the spindles Q4, Q5, are adapted to slide.

The sliding carriages 18 and 19, are reciprocatcd by cranks or crank disks 32 and .el and each between the faces of bear- 21, forming part of the sliding car- 33, by means of connecting rods 34 and 35. Adjustment for the length of stroke is effected by means of adjusting screws 36, 37, which vary the osition of the crank pins on` the crank disrs 32, 33, and the adjustment of the osition of the sliding carriages 18, 19, is e ected by screws 110 and 111. The crank disks 32 and 33 are mounted on shafts 38, 39, carrying Worm wheels 40 and 41 driven by Worms 42 and 43. Worm 43 is mounted on shaft 44, which also. carries the driving pulley 45, While Worm 42 is mounted on a sleeve 77, connected to shaft 44, by a jawclutch 75 which is held in engagement by a nut and a lock nut. The lhand wheel 78 is mounted on the sleeve carrying Worm 42,.and hand wheel 79, on shaft carrying Worm 43, so that when the jaw clutch is out of engagement these hand wheels enable the relative position of the crank pins on disks 32 and 33 to be altered tov any angle and if displaced 180, one cutter would make a Working stroke'while the other Was on the return stroke. The worm Wheel shaft 38 carries at its outer end a further crank disk 49 provided With an adjustable. crank pin 50, which actuates, by means of con nect'ing rod 51 ratchet Wheel 52, mounted on shaft 53, on which, a bevel. Wheel 54 is mounted. A bevel Wheel 55 intermeshes with bevel Wheel 54 to drive, through the bevel Wheels 56,57, the shaft 58 and through the train of change wheels 59 and worm `60, slidably mounted on the shaft 61, the

Worm Wheel 62 which turns the spindle 5 and the -Wheel blank 9. On the inner eX-' tremity of shaft 53, is keyed a spur Wheel 83 engaging with a similar spur wheel 84, whichY is keyed to shaft 81 carrying worm 63 engaging With, Worm Wheel 30.. A further bevel Wheel 80 is provided on shaft adapted to intermesh with and drive bevel wheel 64 keyed on a shaft 65 which carries the bevel wheels 66 and 67. Wheel 67 is keyed toshaft Q8, which also carries a spur Wheel 85 engaging with a similar spur Wheel 86 keyed to a shaft 82 carrying a Worm' 69 engaging with worm wheel 31. The jaw 'clutch 74011 shaft G5 serves to connect or disconnect the said shaft from -bevel'gears G6, G17. By turning the hand Wheel 87, When the clutch is out of engagement, cutter 13 will be rotated while cutter l2 is stationary. If two separate sets of. blanks, as shownin the drawings', are being cut, such independent adjustment may not be necessary, butit will'be necessary if only one set of blanks is to be cut or, if only one Wide faced wheel is to becut with both cutters the cutters will then vbe set for alter nating Working strokes.' lf it is desired to cutl a single blank with stepped teeth, the" working strokes may, or may not be alter- -nating.

The handwheel 71, vthe screw and the The driven nut 73, attached to saddle 1, serve to move saddle 1 on the bed 2, thus adj usting the saddle for various diameters vof Wheel blanks and also providing means for feeding the blanks against the cutters.

The action of the machine is as follows When the cutters and blanks are fixed in position as shown, the position and stroke of the cutters correctly adjusted and the dcsired change wheels 59 mounted, butv the paWl kept out of engagement with lthe ratchet wheel 52, sliding saddle 1 is moved by means of a hand wheel 7l, until the de sired depth of tooth is reached, then the ratchet wheel 52 is put into Operation With the result that on every return strokeof cutter 12, a slightv motion is imparted to shaft -53 and thence through intervening mechanism, previously described to the cutters and simultaneously to the Wheel blanks 9. The ratio of the change gears 59 is chosen so that therelative motion of the pinion shaped cutters 12, 13, and the Wheel blanks 9, is the same ,as that of a pair of spurgear Wheels intermeshed. It will therefore beseen that the machine Works on the generating prin` ciple, and that when the lwheel blank hasy made one revolution the Wrk is completed, providing the Work has been fed so far against the cutters that the correct tooth depth is cut. If. desirable for any particular class or size of. -\vork two or more separate cuts may be taken, that is to say, some frap# tion of the tooth depth may be cut on the for operating the generating mechanism is l convenient, 1t wlll be apparent that such mechanism may consist of a belt drive running on cone pulleys to enable variable speeds to be obtained. In order to obtain a sufficiently high belt speed, spur reduction gears n i-ay be employed.' A mechanism of the type above indicated is illustrated in Figs.. 1.0, 1l and 1,2 and consists of a cone pulley 123 mounted on the. reduced end of the Worm wheel 'shaft 38, a second cone pulley 124 being mounted on u stud shaft 125,` such pulleys being connected together by a belt 126. A pinion 127 is mounted on the stud shaft 125 and engages With gearwheel 128 on 'the end of t-he shaft 53 and also with "the intermediate pinion 129 whichengages with gear wheel 130 mounted on the end of mesme their return or idle stroke, unless some arrangement is made for lifting them slightly away from the work, they may be damaged, and means for eecting this have been. indicated in Fig. 1 and on an enlarged scale in Figs. 4: to 9 of the drawings. The tool holder or box 14,l in addition to the hinge or pivot 16 is provided with-a seating 102 which co-acts with a bearing surface formed on'the carriage 18 to prevent horizontal displacement While the cutter is on its working stroke. Further seatings 103 arranged to co-act with bearing surfaces formed on a projection 104 on the carriage 18 and adapted to prevent vertical displacement are also provided, the combined action of these two seatings further preventing angular displacement. A further seating or abutment in the form of a hook 105 on the tool holder engaging with a projection 106 on the sliding carriage is arranged and adapted to pre vent excessive pressure being transmitted to 'the hinge or trunnions 15 on the working stroke. llhe tool leonor holder is actuated by causing it to tilt on the hinge 16 away from its several seatings on the commencement of the return or back stroke and to re turn to its seatings on the commencement ot the cuttlng stroke, by means of a traction rod 88 working in adjustable friction bush 107 lthis friction bush being secured in a bracket 90 iXed to the bed of the machine. The action ofthis part 'of the machine is as follows z-When the sliding carriage 18 commences to reciprocate on its cutting stroke the friction rod 88 holds the tool holder or boX firmly -on its seatings 102, 103, and the hook 105 on .the holder 1e is drawn against the hook 106 on the carriage 18, the pressure of the cutter on the Work further serves 'to' hold the tool holder firmly on its seatings and abutments. On the commencement of the return stroke the 'friction rod tilts the cutter slightly away from the work until a stop 108 comes into contact with a stop pin 109 thereby preventing any further tilting of the holder. The cutter is thus held away from the work yuntil the commencemento the working stroke thereby preventing dam age to the cutting edges.

What I claim is l y 1; In a machine for, generating and cutting straight toothed spur gearwheels, the combination of a slidable carriage, a cutter holder pivoted thereon, a shaft revolubiy vmounted in said holder a straight toothed pinion shaped cutter mounted thereon, bearings ormed on said carriage, a bearing mounted on and Xed to the' frame of the machine, a gear wheel rotatably mounted in said bearing, a spindle revolubiy mounted in the bearings on the carriage and shdably arranged in said gear wheel, two engaging gear"\\flieels mounted, respectively, on said shaft and spindle, means for imparting an y intermittent rotary movement to said spindle and shaft, and means for inuaarting a reciprocating movement to said siidablc carriage., r Y

ln almachine for generating and cutting straight toothed spur gear wheels, the combination of means 'for mounting and turning a wheelblank on its axis, hed arranged lengthwise in a vplane parallel with said axis, two carriages mounted on said bed, means for imparting a reciprocatm-y movement to each o said carriages, a cutter holder pivoted to each ot' said carriages, a pinion shaped cutter mounted in each of said carriages, means tor tilting said cutter holders away from the work when the cutters are making their return strokes, means for maintaining the holders rigid on the working stroke of the cutters, means adapted to impart an intermittent teal motion to said cutters, and means for adjustingt-hc relative positions of said cinttersy with rc siect to each other and to the urnfl; being done.

3. ln a machine for generating and cutting straight toothed spur gear wheels, tin. combination oi a slidable carriage, a euttc= holder pivoted thereon, a shaft .re-Jolubiy mounted in said holder, a cutter moi` ted on said shaft, a. spindle revoluhly mounted in the carriage, two engaging gear wher-ris mounted respectively on said shaft and spindle, means for reciprocating the slidahlc carriage, meanstor moving and holding L` cutter away from the wheel being out wn the cutter is making its return stroke, nu for limiting such movement, means r ho i ing said cutter holder rigid on the -orking stroke ct the cutter, and .means arting an intermittent rotaryT licei ment to said spindle and shaft. i. in a machine for genera ting straight toothed spur gear i. v combination of means for mounting and turning a plurality of wheel blanks `.Vith their axes co-aXially arranged, a had ar ranged lengthwise in a plane parallel with the axis of said blanks, two carriages mounted on saidbed, a cutter holder carried by each carriage, a.y cutter formed as a straight toothed pinion mounted in ach holder, .hearings mounted on and fixed to the traine ot' the machine, a gear wheel rotatably mounted in each of said bearings. a

spindle revolubly mounted in each carriage for imparting an intermittent rotary mnjement to said spindles and cutters and means for imparting a reciprocating movement to each of said carriages.

5. In a machine for generating and cutting the teeth ot' gear wheels, the combination' of a reciprocating carriage, a cutter holder mounted thereon, ashaft revolubly mounted in said holder, a pinion shaped cutter mounted on said shaft and means for actuating said cutter holder whereby the cutter is -tilted away from the work during the return or idle stroke.

6. In a machine for generating and cutting the teeth oi" gear wheels, the combination of a reciprocating carriage, a cutter holder pivoted thereon, a shaft revolubly mounted in said holder, a pinion shaped cutter mounted on said shaft and means for tilting said cutter holder whereby the cutter is caused to recede from the work during the return or idle stroke.

7. In a machine for generating and cutting the teeth of gear wheels, the combination of a reciprocating carriage, a cutter holder pivoted thereon, a shaft revolubly mounted in said holder, a pinion shaped cutter mounted onsaid shaft, a rod pivoted `on said holder, a support for said rod mounted on the frame of the machine, and a frictional device carried by said support through which said rod is arranged toslide when the carriage is reciprocated whereby the cutter holder is tilted and the cutter caused to recede from the work during the idle stroke.

8. In a machine for generating and cutting the teeth ot' gear wheels, the combination of a reciprocating carriage, a cutter holder pivoted thereon, a shaft revolubly mounted in said holder, a pinion shaped .cutter mounted on said shaft, recessed seat- 9. In a machine for generating and cutting the teethl of gearV wheels, the combination of a reciprocating carriage, a cutter I holder pivotedl thereon, a shaft revolubly mounted in said holder, a pinion shaped cutter mounted on said shaft, means for tilting said cutter holder whereby the cutter held away from the work on the return or idle stroke and means for holding said cutter holder rigid on the carriage when the cutter is working on its cutting stroke.

10. In a machine 'for generating and cutting the teeth of gear wheels.y the vombina tion ot' a reciprocating carriage` a cutter holder pivoted thereon. a shaft revolubly unimi-ed `in said holder` a pinion shaped cutter mounted on said shaft. a frictionally controlled rod pivoted on said holder for tilting said holder whereby the cutter is held away from the work on the return or idle stroke, and means for holding said cut ter holder rigid on its carriage ,when the cutter is working on its cuttingstroke.

11. In a machine forV enerating and cutting the teeth of gear w eels, the combination ot' a reciprocating carriage, a lcutter holder pivoted thereon, a sha t mounted in said holder, a pinion shaped cutter mounted on said shaft, means for tilting said cutter holder whereby the cutter' turn or idle stroke, and means comprising aV stop on the holder and a stop on the carriage for limiting said tilting movement.

13. In a. machine for generatingand cutting the teeth of gear wheels, the combination, of a reciprocating carriage, a Glitter holder pivoted thereon, a shaft revolubly mounted in said holder, a'pinion shaped cutter mounted on said shaft, and means for preventing excessive pressure on the hinges or trunnions, by which the cutter holder is supported on the carriage, when the cutter is working on its cutting stroke.

14. In a machine for generating and cutting the teeth of gear wheels` the combination of a reciprocating carriage, a cutter holder pivoted thereon, a shaft revolubly mounted in said holder,'a pinion shaped cutter mounted on said shaft, means coin prising a hook like part on the cutter holder and a projection onthe carriage co-acting therewith for the purpose of preventing excessive pressure on the hinges or trunnions, by which the cutter holder is supported on the carriage, when the cutter is working on its cutting stroke.

15.. In a. machine for generating and cutting the teeth of gear wheels, the combination of a. reciinocating carriage, a cutter holder pivoted thereon, a shaft revolubly mounted in said holder, a pinion shaped cutter' mounted on said shaft,V means for holding Said cutter holder rigid on the carriage on the working stroke of the cutter, and means tor preventing excessive pressure on the hinges or trunnions, by which the cutter holder is supported on the carri age, when the cutter is working on its cutting stroke.

16. In a machine for generating and cutting the teeth of gear wheels, the combina. t1on of a reciprocating carriage, a cutter revolubly niemeer holder pivot'ecl thereon, aY shaft revolubly nrioilntefly in said holder, e pinion shaped Cutter mounted on seid shaft, ineens for tilting said cutter holder whereby the cuter is held away from the Work during the return or idle stroke, and means for preventing exeessive pressure on the hinges or trunnlons, by which the 'cutter holder is snpportecl on the carriage, when the Gutter is working on its Cutting stroke. l'

17. In a machine for generaing and en?,- sing the teeth of gear .vheels, the combinm Ation. of e reciprocating carriage, e enti/er liolrler pivote thereon, zi shaft revolubljy mounted in seid holder, zi pinion shaped cutter mounted on seid shaft, means for tile ingf said entier holder whereby the cutter is lield away from the work during the return. or idle stroke, means for limiting seid "tilting' movement, Ineens for holding said oni"- ter holder rigid on the carriage on the Werl;- ing stroke of the cutter, and means for lorevenining excessive pressure Von lie hinges er srunnions, by which the cutter liolfler is snpported on the' carriage, when lthe enzer is werkingen iis Cutting stroke. l

l ln a meeliine for generating and enfrting" the teeth of gear wheels, the eombinetion efe carriage, a, cutter holder mounted thereon., means for reciprocating seid eer riagej e entier carried by seid holder, ineens eomprising e frictionelly controlled rod pivoted to sai-icl holder for tilting the cutter awry from the work on the return or idle streire, means Comprising e stop en the holder ande Geacting stop on the carriage for limiting seid tilting movement, means comprising seeings on t ie cutter holder and eo-eeting; bearing surfaces on the carriage for holding said cutter holder rigid on the carriage on the working stroke glie cutter and inea-,ns comprising e nook like part en iiolrler andV e cao-acting project-ion on the carriage 'or the purpose of preventing excessive strain on the pivots by which the helder is supported on the carriage en the working stroke of the entier.

ln witness 'whereof lieve hereunto set my nenni in the-presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WLLAM EBV/1N Witnessesz A. limer-rr Girone,

(lumens, 

